Traditional Lecture-based Teaching Research Articles

Development and effectiveness of a BOPPPS teaching model-based workshop for community pharmacists training.

With the pharmaceutical innovation and clinical knowledge updating, the continuing education and on-the-job training are extremely important for improving community pharmacists' professional competence. Previous training often adopted traditional lecture-based teaching, and the efficacy was limited. The aim of this study is to develop a new strategy for community pharmacist training. Based on the BOPPPS (Bridge-in, Objective, Pre-assessment, Participatory Learning, Post-assessment and Summary) teaching model and workshop method, a continuing on-the-job training program was constructed. Participates were randomly and evenly divided into two groups by random number table method. Twenty-four community pharmacists in total completed all training contents and evaluation components in this study. Twelve pharmacists in experimental group were trained via this new BOPPPS-based workshop, while others still adopted traditional didactic lecture-based approaches. After training, quantitative examination combined with clinical pharmacy practice tests were carried out to evaluate the effectiveness and outcomes of two training groups. For written exam, the total scores from the BOPPPS-based workshop group (82.67 ± 4.70) was higher than that of traditional lectured-base group (73.75 ± 6.15) (P < 0.001). Encouragingly, compared with the results of practical ability assessment from traditional training group (71.75 ± 4.75), the pharmacists receiving BOPPPS-based workshop training presented more excellent performance (78.25 ± 5.03), which displayed statistically significant differences (P < 0.01). In addition, an anonymous questionnaire was used to survey trainees' feelings after completing this continuing education program. The results revealed that the BOPPPS-based workshop can bring a better learning experience than traditional lecture-based training, and the percentages of positive response to each item were more than 91.7%. Through multi-dimensional evaluation, it was suggested that our BOPPPS-based workshop achieved desired training effects. Moreover, our research also demonstrated that this strategy had advantages of stimulating inspiration, autonomous learning, team-work spirit and pharmacy practice improvement. It may provide a reference of innovative training method for community pharmacists.

Enhancing student’s conceptual understanding on the patterns of Mendelian genetics through task-based learning

Mendelian genetics are essential for students seeking to comprehend the complexities of inheritance; although fundamental, these biology concepts are difficult for students to understand. This study examined the effectiveness of task-based learning (TBL) in enhancing the students' conceptual understanding of the Patterns of Mendelian Genetics. A pretest and posttest quasi-experimental research design involved an experimental and a control group. An Intrinsic Motivation Inventory questionnaire was utilized to assess the level of intrinsic motivation for task evaluation for the experimental group. Paired t-test was used to compare the pretest and post-test results. Before the intervention, both groups had a low conceptual understanding of the topic. At the end of the intervention, both groups had significantly increased their performances from pretest to posttest scores. The study revealed that TBL is more effective than Traditional Lecture-Based Instruction (TLI), as seen in their enhanced student performance, implying the effectiveness of the TBL as an innovative instructional approach. Participants from the experimental group expressed enjoyment, competence, and ownership of their task activities, and they did not feel nervous and anxious about doing the tasks. Pearson r-correlation was used to establish a relationship among the variables. Perceived choice, pressure/tension, and student performance in the experimental group have low positive correlations, and perceived choice, interest/enjoyment, and performance have a negligible correlation. This approach is highly commendable for biology instruction. By illuminating the effectiveness of active learning in improving student’s conceptual understanding, this study bridges the gap between theoretical-practical gap in genetics via active learning effectiveness.

A 5E-based learning experience to introduce concepts relevant in Quantum Physics

We here present and discuss a 5E-based learning activity focused on introductory concepts of Quantum Physics experienced at the Bachelor of Electrical Engineering of a Kenyan University. The described constructivist environment aimed at supporting an effective understanding of concepts very relevant in Modern Physics, such as wave-particle dualism, discretization, de Broglie wavelength, Heisenberg Uncertainty principle, atomic models, particle in a box, etc., by triggering a chain of reasoned investigation, inquiry, problem solving, and collaboration with peers. As it is well known, the 5E-based learning cycle is a student-centred instructional approach which helps learners to broaden their views on the concepts and link together the ideas, by means of five phases of instruction: Engagement, Exploration, Explanation, Elaboration, and Evaluation. Our findings show the proposed workflows successfully engaged students into active learning, stimulating the activation of the inquiry process and, at the same time, supporting the clarifying of important experimental and technological aspects of modern physics. This learning path represents a feasible example of a combination of a traditional lecture-based teaching method with laboratory and computational activities.

Student understanding of the Bloch sphere

Quantum information science is a rapidly growing interdisciplinary field that is attracting the attention of academics and industry experts alike. It requires talent from a wide variety of traditional fields, including physics, engineering, chemistry, and computer science, to name a few. To prepare students for such opportunities, it is important to give them a strong foundation in the basics of quantum information science, in which quantum computing plays a central role. In this study, we discuss the development, validation, and evaluation of a tutorial on the Bloch sphere, a useful visual tool for developing intuition about single quantum bits (qubits), which are the basic building block of any quantum computer. Students’ understanding was evaluated after they received traditional lecture-based instruction on the requisite topics, and again after engaging with the tutorial. We observe, analyze, and discuss their improvement in performance on concepts covered in the tutorial.

Teaching and Learning the Fundamental of Calculus through Python-based Programming

Abstract: The widespread adoption of modern Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools in mathematics and science education is gaining momentum worldwide, especially in emerging countries with rapidly increasing digital technology penetration rates. The utilization of Python programming, with its capability to dynamically visualize abstract mathematical concepts, presents a valuable tool for instructors to elucidate calculus principles that were challenging to convey through traditional teaching methods. This research aimed to assess the efficacy of Python-based coding in teaching the fundamentals of calculus to grade Tenth students at a higher secondary school in Mumbai India. The study employed a pre-test and post-test control group quasiexperimental design, with a total of 76 participants (34 in the experimental group and 42 in the control group). The researchers administered Python-based coding instructional units to the experimental group, while the control group received traditional lecture-based instruction. The Calculus Understanding and Teaching Effectiveness (CUTFE) questionnaire was used as both a pre-test and post-test assessment tool. Results revealed no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the pre-test. However, a noteworthy disparity emerged in favor of the experimental group in the post-test. Consequently, the study concluded that engaging in coding activities had a substantial impact on students' comprehension of the fundamentals of calculus. This underscores the effectiveness of Python-based coding as a pedagogical tool in enhancing students' understanding of mathematical concepts in the context of calculus education.

ENHANCING BUSINESS STUDENTS’ EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS AWARENESS

Employability skills have become vital in helping recent graduates distinguish themselves in the competitive job market, transcending disciplinary boundaries. Dissatisfaction with graduates' communication abilities has been a long-standing concern in academia and the workplace. The shift from traditional lecture-based instruction to active learning has prompted changes in English for Specific Purposes (ESP) and technical communication courses globally. These changes encompass well-developed professional communication skills, collaborative work practices, effective self-management, and social responsibility. This study addresses the imperative of understanding and addressing the skill prerequisites of the corporate sphere, as employers increasingly seek competencies beyond academic qualifications. The study employs a student-centered approach, allowing students to align these skills with real-world job requirements. The Experiential Learning Theory by Kolb serves as the theoretical foundation for this approach. The results indicate that this teaching method, emphasizing learning by doing, received positive feedback from students. It not only provided insight into the skills required by the labor market but also improved students' awareness of their own strengths and weaknesses. Additionally, students found that this approach prepared them for their future careers. In conclusion, this research emphasizes the importance of equipping students with employability skills through authentic, context-based learning. The findings underscore the need for a shift from teacher-centered practices to more student-centered, collaborative learning environments that foster student autonomy and responsibility. The research closes with limitations and suggestions for further research.

Exploring the Reform of Flipped Classroom Teaching Based on SPOC

This study, centered around the "ARM Embedded System Architecture" course, compares traditional teaching methods with the practical effects of a flipped classroom approach based on Small Private Online Courses (SPOC). The analysis of the current teaching situation reveals shortcomings in traditional lecture-based teaching methods concerning student engagement and effectiveness. Therefore, this research focuses on implementing a hybrid teaching model based on SPOC for flipped classrooms, using the Learning APP as a platform. Through comparative experiments between the experimental and control groups, the study collects data on students' learning status, knowledge mastery, and assignment performance. The use of the Learning APP extensively records students' learning trajectories. The results indicate that the SPOC-based flipped classroom model exhibits significant advantages in enhancing student engagement, deepening knowledge internalization, and promoting practical application. This research provides empirical support for the promotion of digitalization and innovative teaching models in higher education, offering insights into the construction of a more flexible and effective educational system.

Effectiveness of blended learning approach in learning chemistry at the tertiary level

The integration of online and face-to-face instruction, known as blended learning, has gained traction in science education, particularly in tertiary settings. This study investigates the efficacy of a blended learning approach on academic achievement among tertiary-level chemistry students. A bespoke blended learning curriculum was devised for two chemistry units, and a randomized two-group experimental design was implemented. Sixty-five students were randomly assigned to either the treatment group, receiving blended learning, or the control group, receiving traditional lecture-based instruction. An independent samples t-test was conducted to compare post-test scores between the groups, controlling for prior knowledge using pretest scores as a covariate. Results indicate that students in the blended learning group attained significantly higher post-test scores (M = 81.53, SD = 10.23) compared to their counterparts in the control group (M = 74.33, SD = 9.04), with a t-value of (63) = 2.85, and p = .006. This study underscores the potential of well-designed blended instruction in enhancing chemistry education at the tertiary level. Further investigations into optimal blend ratios and implementation strategies are recommended for comprehensive insights.

HTML5 package media: How does it affect elementary school students’ concept understanding and self-efficacy?

Background: HTML5 Package media, equipped with features and displays, provides a clearer visual display in learning geometry compared to traditional lecture-based teaching. This approach facilitates students in observing and understanding geometry concepts, positively impacting their self-efficacy.Aim: The study aims to assess the impact of HTML5 packages on students' understanding of geometry concepts and their self-efficacy.Method: The research, a quasi-experimental study, used simple random sampling to select 63 students. Data were collected through tests and questionnaires, and the analysis was conducted using MANOVA.Result: The findings reveal a significant effect of the HTML5 Package on both concept understanding and self-efficacy. The experimental group scored higher than the conventional group, with significant values in Pilae Trace, Wilk Lambda, Hotelling Trace, and Roy's Largest Root analyses.Conclusion: The HTML5 Package media effectively enhances the understanding of geometry concepts and self-efficacy among students. While the effect size is modest, it is notably better than conventional learning methods. The study suggests broader application and research involving more students and diverse mathematical topics could yield more influential results.

Bridging the Gap

In the evolving landscape of education, the need for robust Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) skills has become increasingly paramount, particularly in higher education settings. This research aims to address the existing gap in the effectiveness of training methods employed to enhance these crucial skills among students in Indonesia. To achieve this objective, a qualitative research methodology was employed, involving a detailed analysis of various teaching strategies and their impact on student learning outcomes in STEM subjects. The study involved collecting data through in-depth interviews, participant observations, and review of existing literature on effective teaching methods in STEM education. The findings reveal a significant enhancement in students' STEM skills when exposed to interactive and practical learning approaches, as opposed to traditional lecture-based teaching. These methods include hands-on experiments, problem-based learning, and the integration of technology in classroom settings. The research underscores the importance of adapting teaching methods to cater to different learning styles, emphasizing the role of active learning and engagement in fostering deeper understanding and proficiency in STEM subjects. The results of this study are particularly relevant for educators and curriculum designers in higher education, offering insights into the effective strategies that can bridge the gap in STEM skill acquisition, thus preparing students more effectively for the challenges of the modern workforce.

Higher Education's Position in Shaping the Workforce of the Future and the Importance of Adapting to the Digital Age

Changes in teaching and administration at universities are dramatic. These dramatic shifts are being prompted by a number of factors. Micro and Nano degrees, as well as digital transformation, online education, tech-savvy students, operating expenses, and other factors, are all instances of such influences. Students in higher education make use of a variety of digital technology to supplement traditional lecture-based classroom instruction. Technology from the Fourth Industrial Revolution has made its way into HEIs, requiring them to adapt to the digital revolution (DT) in all its forms. Recently, there has been a lot of interest in applying digital transformation methodologies to the education sector, as these methods allow us to characterise the numerous interrelationships among stakeholder in a digitally enabled environment of teaching and learning. The purpose of this research is to highlight the unique aspects of the digital shift implementation process in academic settings. In addition, we will discuss how digital learning fits within the larger context of contemporary universities. More research is needed to understand how universities can adapt to the fourth industrial age and digital transformation.

Challenges and Potentials of Implementing Discussion-Based Instruction in Elementary and Middle School Classrooms: An Interview With Catherine Snow at Harvard Graduate School of Education

Highlights This article consists of an interview with Professor Catherine Snow, an expert on English language and literacy education. The interview aims to introduce discussion-based instruction to educational practitioners. Discussion-based instruction inspires students to take initiatives and increases their engagement in the classroom. It is recommended that a dilemma without a singular answer should be set as the discussion topic. Discussion-based instruction can be combined with traditional lecture-based instruction. It helps students become better readers, thinkers, and writers, facilitating their achievements in standardized assessments. The article highlights that teachers can switch their roles from being owners and conveyors of knowledge to becoming fellow knowledge seekers with their students.

The Effect Of Jigsaw Teaching Technique To The Reading Comprehension Of Grade Eight Students Of Smp Negeri 2 Tapian Dolok On A Descriptive Text

The aim of this research is to describe and analyze reading comprehension teaching techniques using jigsaw teaching techniques for eighth grade students at SMP Negeri 2 Tapian Dolok. The aim of this research is to determine the effect. Jigsaw Teaching Technique on reading comprehension of eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 2 Tapian Dolok on descriptive text. This research uses a quantitative type of research with a quasi-experimental design. The sampling technique used in this research was purposive sampling, with a sample of 62 class VIII students at SMP Negeri 2 Tapian Dolok. Two classes were taken as subjects for this research, namely the experimental class and the control class. Data obtained from the experimental class and control class were analyzed using the t-test formula. Researchers found that the post-test average in the experimental group was 83 and the post-test average in the control group was 77. The calculation results showed that at the 5% significance level, the t-count value &gt; t-table (2.4 &gt; 1.671 ). From these results, it appears that there is a significant difference between student achievement in reading comprehension of descriptive texts that use jigsaw teaching techniques and those taught using traditional lecture-based teaching methods. Therefore, the researchers concluded that there was a significant influence of the Jigsaw teaching technique on reading comprehension.  

Application of a flipped classroom teaching model based on micro-videos in the standardized training of dermatological residents in China.

To explore the effects of a micro-video-based flipped classroom teaching model on the standardized training of dermatological residents in China. A total of 78 residents who had received standardized training at the Department of Dermatology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University were selected and randomly divided into an experimental group (39 residents) and a control group (39 residents). The experimental group received micro-video-based flipped classroom teaching, whereas the control group received traditional lecture-based classroom teaching. Scores relating to theoretical knowledge of dermatology, clinical practice skills, and the results of a questionnaire survey were used to evaluate the teaching effects. The average score of the experimental group in the theoretical knowledge test (88.56 ± 5.80) was significantly higher than that of the control group (81.90 ± 7.45). Similarly, the average score of the experimental group in the clinical practice skills test (85.44 ± 5.97) was also significantly higher than that of the control group (78.46 ± 5.94). The results of the questionnaire survey showed that the experimental group exhibited significant improvements in learning interest, mastery of teaching content, communication skills, expression skills, clinical practice skills, autonomous learning, clinical thinking, clinical application, and team cooperation. Flipped classroom teaching based on micro-videos helped to improve the teaching effects of theoretical knowledge, clinical practice skills, and residents' comprehensive ability during dermatological residents' standardized training.

Design and evaluation of blended teaching in the smart classroom combined with virtual simulation training in basic nursing courses

ObjectiveThis study explored the application effect of smart classrooms combined with virtual simulation training in basic nursing courses for nursing undergraduates.MethodsIn this quasi-experimental study, a total of 135 undergraduate nursing students in the 2021 matriculating cohort were selected as the research subjects. The experimental group of Class 1 had 71 students, and a blended teaching design utilizing a smart classroom and virtual simulation training was adopted. The control group of Class 2 had 64 students, and traditional lecture-based teaching design was adopted. After the course, the independent learning ability scale, test scores and teaching effectiveness questionnaire were used to evaluate the teaching effect. All tests had a maximum score of 100.ResultsNursing undergraduates in the experimental group had scores of 86.32 ± 8.25 for virtual simulation training and 84.82 ± 9.04 for peer-assisted learning. The scores of the theoretical examination, experimental examination, and subjective questions in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The approval rate of nursing undergraduates in the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group for four items (Ps < 0.05). Among the 71 students, most students (91.55%) claimed that the use of instructional designs increased the fun of the classroom. In addition to the dimension of information literacy, the total score of independent learning ability and the other three dimensions of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe teaching design combining smart classrooms and virtual simulation training can be applied to realize online blended teaching and classroom informatization, improving the academic performance and independent learning ability of nursing undergraduates, and thus achieving good teaching effects.

Challenges in addressing student difficulties with basics and change of basis for two-state quantum systems using a multiple-choice question sequence in online and in-person classes

Research-validated multiple-choice questions comprise an easy-to-implement instructional tool for scaffolding student learning and providing formative assessment of students’ knowledge. We present findings from the implementation of a research-validated multiple-choice question sequence on the basics of two-state quantum systems, including inner products, outer products, translation between Dirac notation and matrix representation in a particular basis, and change of basis. This study was conducted in an advanced undergraduate quantum mechanics course, in both online and in-person learning environments, across three years. For each cohort, students had their learning assessed after traditional lecture-based instruction in relevant concepts before engaging with the multiple-choice question sequence. Their performance was evaluated again afterward with a similar assessment and compared to their earlier performance. We analyze, compare, and discuss the trends observed in the three implementations.

Block-based teaching method based on cybernetics: a trial with 115 Chinese undergraduate medical students

BackgroundClass attendance is important for academic performance. Personal interactions between teachers and students are difficult in large classes; the number of medical undergraduate students in China ranges from dozens to over 100. It is important for teachers to control the teaching process to improve student attendance and participation.MethodsTwo classes of fourth-year undergraduate medical students, with each class comprising 115 students, participated in the study. One class, the trial group, was taught by the block-based teaching method based on cybernetics. This study was conducted with three of the courses in the Introduction to Oncology subject, and the trial group’s courses included several blocks. Each block had a test paper that the students responded to immediately in class using the Internet. The teacher obtained feedback from the students when the rate of correct responses to block-test questions was less than 90%. The teacher adjusted the teaching in the following blocks according to the feedback information. The other class, the control group, was taught using the traditional lecture-based teaching method.ResultsThe average attendance in the trial group was 104/115 (90.43%), and that in the control group was 83/115 (72.17%) (p = 0.0003). The teacher adjusted the teaching three times in the radiotherapy course owing to the complex ideas. After feedback, information on chemotherapy for the upper body was adjusted once, as was that on chemotherapy for the lower body, owing to students’ attitudes. The average total score of the trial group was 86.06 ± 17.46 and that of the control group was 80.38 ± 6.97 (p = 0.041). Questionnaire I showed that the trial group students’ attendance and participation were better than in the control group. Questionnaire II showed that the block-based teaching method based on cybernetics was approved by the students.ConclusionsThe block-based teaching method based on cybernetics used in medical classes with large numbers of Chinese undergraduate students had positive effects.

Bringing exploratory learning online: problem-solving before instruction improves remote undergraduate physics learning

STEM undergraduate instructors teaching remote courses often use traditional lecture-based instruction, despite evidence that active learning methods improve student engagement and learning outcomes. One simple way to use active learning online is to incorporate exploratory learning. In exploratory learning, students explore a novel activity (e.g., problem solving) before a lecture on the underlying concepts and procedures. This method has been shown to improve learning outcomes during in-person courses, without requiring the entire course to be restructured. The current study examined whether the benefits of exploratory learning extend to a remote undergraduate physics lesson, taught synchronously online. Undergraduate physics students (N = 78) completed a physics problem-solving activity either before instruction (explore-first condition) or after (instruct-first condition). Students then completed a learning assessment of the problem-solving procedures and underlying concepts. Despite lower accuracy on the learning activity, students in the explore-first condition demonstrated better understanding on the assessment, compared to students in the instruct-first condition. This finding suggests that exploratory learning can serve as productive failure in online courses, challenging students but improving learning, compared to the more widely-used lecture-then-practice method.

Simulation Training in the Management of Adverse Contrast Reactions: A Systematic Review

BackgroundSimulation-based training has become increasingly prominent within medical education, but its utility within radiology remains underexplored. ObjectiveTo appraise the evidence for the effectiveness of simulation on the management of adverse reactions to contrast media. MethodsA systematic search of the literature was conducted. Eligible studies recruited radiology residents, provided simulation-based training focused on contrast reaction management, and measured any effectiveness outcome compared with any nonsimulation training or no training. The quality of studies was appraised and outcomes were classified according to Kirkpatrick’s hierarchy and the strength of evidence. ResultsOut of 146 screened results, 15 articles were included that described 17 studies—3 randomized trials and 14 pretest-posttest studies of hands-on or, less commonly, computer-based simulation. In all 16 studies that assessed knowledge before and after intervention, written test scores improved after simulation. Most studies noted improvements in comfort or confidence managing contrast reactions as well. In all three studies that assessed knowledge after simulation and after didactic lecture as a control, posttest scores were not statistically significantly better in the simulation groups than the lecture groups. Common study limitations included single-group designs, measuring only learning outcomes using unvalidated instruments, modest sample sizes, and limited assessment of long-term retention. ConclusionSimulation produces subjective improvements and knowledge gain relevant to contrast reaction management. Further research is required to demonstrate superiority of simulation-based contrast reaction management training over traditional didactic lecture-based instruction.

Research on the innovation path of teaching interior design majors in universities based on big data analysis

Abstract Presently, the teaching of interior design in most higher education institutions still uses more traditional and conservative teaching methods, which to some extent, hinders the reform of interior design teaching in the era of big data. Interior design originally required students to grasp the operation fully and use CAD, 3D, and other design software, which makes the operation of complex commands, and model construction diversity, difficult for students to learn. This situation still uses the traditional lecture-based indoctrination teaching can play a very small role. This paper first focuses on the field of interior design education, based on the background of the times, provides a deep overview of the current situation of the relevant research involved in interior design, and explains the purpose, ideas, content, and methods of this paper. Secondly, we use data mining technology to build a smart classroom to visually present interior design. Finally, a comparison experiment between the traditional teaching mode of interior design and the smart teaching mode of big data is carried out, and three groups of experimental subjects are investigated after nearly one month of teaching experience. The results of this study show that the big data wisdom teaching model proposed in this paper compared with the traditional teaching model, through the one-month teaching experience post-test results, the average increase of 7 points in school A, 11 points in school K, and 14 points in school Z. The wisdom teaching system based on big data built in this paper enhanced the relevance and initiative of interior design students’ learning, improved students’ interest in learning and classroom efficiency and promoted students’ comprehensive ability while playing a positive and active role.